Risk factors in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia in Shiraz-Iran [2009]: an epidemilogical study

The etiology of childhood leukemia as the most common childhood malignancy remains largely unknown. This study was done to ascess the risk factors in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia in Shiraz-Iran. This case-control study was done on 141 children younger than 18 years suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL] whome resided at Fars Province of Iran during 2009. Patients were individually matched with 141 controls in respect to age, sex and residential area. Variables included: maternal age, parental education, father occupation, child birth weight and birth order, number of siblings, history of pet ownership including cat or dog, history of child day care attendance, history of leukemia in relatives, and history of mother diagnostic radiography during pregnancy. In order to evaluate the relationships between each variable and the risk of leukemia, odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI] were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and Chi-Square test. The agricultural occupation fathers in case and control were 17% and 5.7%, respectively [P<0.01]. The association between risk of childhood lymphoblastic leukemia with birth order >/= 3 [OR=5.939, 95% CI: 2.646-13.331, P<0.01], pet ownership [dog or cat] [OR=2.582, 95% CI: 1.265-5.269, P<0.009] and history of leukemia in first and second degree relatives [OR=3.5, 95% CI: 1.252-10.633, P<0.027] was significant. No relationship was found between birth weight, day care attendance, history of miscarriage, number of siblings and history of mother diagnostic radiology tests with risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This study showed that father occupation, birth order, pet and history of leukemia in relation are risk factors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Incidence and mortality rate of common gastrointestinal cancers in south of iran, a population based study

Considering the importance of updating information about incidence and mortality of common or fatal cancers and the need for studying the effectiveness of changes in the Iranian cancer registration system from pathological based to population based since 2007, the aim of this study was to provide updated population based information on incidence and mortality rates of esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum cancers in south of Iran, and also to provide basic data for investigating the performance of population based cancer registration system in these regions. This study was a review of population based data of esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum cancers in Fars province during 2008-9.We estimated Age Standardized Incidence and Mortality Rates [ASIRs and ASMRs], truncated ASIRs and ASMRs for each cancer using direct age standardization based on Iran's population and also based on the standard population of world. Finally, considering poison distribution, we calculated standard error of incidence and mortality rates. Adjusted incidence rates of esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum cancers [per 100, 000] and their standard error were 2.56 [0.0092], 9.99 [0.0182], 4.85 [0.0127] and 1.56 [0.0072] in males; and 1.60 [0.0072], 4.66 [0.0123], 3.24 [0.0103] and 0.93 [0.0055] in females respectively. These values for ASMRs per 100000 were 0.94 [0.0056], 11. 54 [0.0195], 2.46 [0.009], 0.34 [0.0033] for men, and 0.51 [0.004], 4.21 [0.0117], 1.54 [0.0071] and 0.41 [0.0037] for women. Incidence and mortality rates of esophagus cancer in southern regions of Iran were less than the national average. We also clarified that stomach and colorectal cancers were the most important digestive cancers in this area

Graft survival rate of renal transplantation: a single center experience, [1999- 2009]

Renal transplantation is the best option for treatment of the end-stage renal diseases and has more advantages than dialysis. The objective of this study is to determine the ten-year graft survival rate of renal transplantation and its associated factors in patients who have been transplanted from March 1999 to March 2009 in Nemazee Hospital Transplantation Center. This is a historical cohort study of 1356 renal transplantation carried out during 1999 to 2009. Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the survival rate, log rank test to compare survival curves, and Cox regression model to determine hazard ratios and for modeling of variables affecting survival. The 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 years graft survival rates were 96.6, 93.7, 88.9, 87.1 and 85.5 percent, respectively. Cox regression model revealed that the donor source and creatinine level at discharge were effective factors in graft survival rate in renal transplantation. Our study showed that 10 year graft survival rate for renal transplantation in Nemazee Hospital Transplantation Center was 85.5% and graft survival rate was significantly related to recipients and donor's age, donor source and creatinine level at discharge. Our experience in renal transplantation survival rate indicates a success rate comparable to those noted in other reports

[Graft survival rate of renal transplantation in diabetic patients, Namazi hospital transplant center, Shiraz, Iran [1999-2009]]

In many countries around the world, diabetic nephropathy is the most common causes of renal transplantation and dialysis. One third of diabetic patients suffer from kidney diseases which, in turn, considerably increase mortality rates and treatment costs. The aim of this study was to compare graft survival rate in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in the Shiraz Namazi Hospital Transplant Center, during the years 1999 to 2009. This study was a retrospective cohort study that investigated graft survival rate among diabetic patients who had undergone kidney transplant and compared it with that of non-diabetic patients, in the Transplant Center of Shirza Namazi Hospital. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate and Log-rank test was applied to compare survival curves. Furthermore, to model the factors affecting survival rate, Cox proportional hazard model was implemented. The results of the study revealed that the average follow-up period of patients was 48.15 +/- 31.05 [range: 3.07- 118.03] months. The estimated 9-year graft survival rates among diabetic and non-diabetic patients were 84.2% and 85.7%, respectively. Moreover, using Cox proportional hazard model, it was found that the age of a donor <40 years, is an effective factor for higher graft survival rate in diabetic patients. Based on the results of this study, we observed that there was no significant difference between kidney transplant survival rate in diabetic and non diabetic patients. This treatment method can hence be a good option for patients with diabetic nephropathy

[10-year graft survival analysis of renal transplantation and factors affecting it in patients transplanted from live donor in Shiraz transplant research center during 1999-2009]

Background and Aims: Renal transplantation is the best therapeutic option for End Stage Renal Disease [ESRD]. The aim of this study was to determine the graft survival rate of renal transplantation in patients who have been transplanted from live donor in Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz, Iran

Methods: In a survival analysis study, organ survival rate after kidney transplantation from live donor was determined in 843 patients being transplanted in Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Iran during a period of 10 years [March 1999 to March 2009]. Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the survival rate, Logrank test was used to compare survival curves and Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis

Results: Mean follow-up period [+/- Standard deviation] was 53.07+/-34.6 months. Allograft survival rates at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 years after kidney transplantation were found to be 98.3%, 96.4%, 92.5%, 90.8% and 89.2%, respectively. Using Cox proportional hazard model, age of donor and creatinine level at discharge showed significant relationships with survival rate of renal allograft

Conclusion: The 10- year graft survival rate of renal transplantation from live donor in this center is 89.2% which in comparison with reports from large centers of transplantation it is satisfactory